27 May Entiende tu factura de luz en 5 minutos
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Los datos extraídos de un estudio del Instituto Sondea indican que la mitad de los españoles no entiende su factura eléctrica. A pesar de este desconocimiento, los autores del estudio apuntan que el 75% de los consumidores dedica menos de cinco minutos a leer el recibo de la luz.
Cinco minutos es precisamente el tiempo que necesitas para leer este post, con el que desde Aura Energía queremos ayudarte a comprender todos los conceptos que aparecen en tu factura. Antes de empezar, es importante aclarar la diferencia entre kW y kWh. En términos generales, los kilovatios (kW) especifican la potencia eléctrica de tu instalación, un valor fijo que contratas en función de tus necesidades. En cambio, los kilovatios hora (kWh) son unidades de energía, que expresan tu consumo durante una hora.
ANVERSO DE LA PÁGINA
1. Datos de la factura En este apartado se incluyen el número y fecha de la factura, el período al cual hace referencia, el importe total al que asciende el recibo, la forma de pago que has seleccionado, tu entidad bancaria y número de cuenta. 2. Datos del titular Además de los datos de identificación básicos del titular, en esta sección se indican la tarifa contratada, el número y categoría de cliente, el número del contador, el código CUPS (que sirve para que las compañías distribuidoras y comercializadoras identifiquen cada suministro) y la potencia contratada. 3. Facturación Para comprender la información descrita en este apartado, conviene recordar que las tarifas con discriminación horaria dividen el día en dos o tres períodos: punta, llano y valle. Dicho esto, el importe de tu factura depende de los siguientes criterios:
- El término de potencia. Se obtiene del resultado de multiplicar la potencia contratada (expresada en kW) por el número de días que comprende la factura y el precio de la potencia que fija el BOE para cada una de las franjas horarias.
- El término de energía. Corresponde a la multiplicación de los kWh consumidos por el precio que marca la comercializadora por kWh para cada período.
- Cargo por energía reactiva. Determinados aparatos eléctricos generan este tipo de energía, que se mide en kVArh y que en cantidades importantes provoca un desgaste de la red. Si en los períodos punta o llano, ésta supera el 33% de la energía consumida, el Gobierno exige el cobro de un recargo.
- Impuestos regulados por el BOE. Aplicación del impuesto eléctrico y el alquiler del contador.
El total de la factura equivale a la suma de estos conceptos, a los que se aplica el tipo general de IVA (21%). En Aura Energía no aplicamos ningún margen a los cargos que impone el BOE (potencia, reactiva, alquiler, entre otros). Para ofrecer el máximo ahorro, ofrecemos tarifas competitivas y soluciones que se ajustan a las necesidades de cada tipo de negocio. Nota: si la potencia que aparece en este apartado no se corresponde con la que figura en la sección “Datos del Titular”, revisa la explicación del maxímetro, en el próximo apartado: “Lecturas”. 4. Lecturas Aquí se muestran los datos que registra el contador eléctrico de tu instalación. Este dispositivo registra tanto la energía activa –la que consumes– como la energía reactiva generada, si la hay. Las lecturas de ambos tipos de energía se desglosan en tres columnas:
- Anterior: histórico de consumo (energía activa) o generación (energía reactiva), sin incluir el período que abarca el recibo actual.
- Actual: histórico de consumo o generación total.
- Consumo: kWh consumidos (o kVArh generados, en el caso de la reactiva) durante el período que engloba la factura.
Aunque como hemos visto anteriormente, las tarifas con discriminación horaria dividen el día en 3 fases, es posible que en esta sección aparezcan 6 períodos. Esto sucede cuando la potencia contratada es superior a 15 kW. En este caso, los períodos 4, 5 y 6 hacen referencia a los períodos punta, llano y valle correspondientes a los días festivos y fines de semana. Así pues, el consumo en kWh especificado en el apartado Facturación se calcula del siguiente modo:
Consumo en el período punta = Lectura P1 + P4
Consumo en el período llano = Lectura P2 + P5
Consumo en el período valle = Lectura P3 + P6
El maxímetro indica el máximo de potencia que has necesitado durante el período de la factura. Con Aura Energía, tal y como marca la normativa facturamos:
- Si estás por debajo del 85% de la potencia contratada se cobra únicamente el 85% no el 100% de la potencia contratada
- Si estas entre el 85% al 105% pagas lo que marca el máximetro
- Si el máximo es superior a 105% se paga el máximo más el doble de la diferencia entre la potencia registrada y el 105% de la potencia contratada. Ejemplo de la fórmula: PM + 2 (PM-105%PC).
Veamos un ejemplo. Si tienes contratada una potencia de 18,970 kW pero no has necesitado más de 16,00 kW, calcularemos el término de potencia en base al 85% de 18,970 kW, es decir, 16,125 kW tal y como marca el BOE.
REVERSO DE LA PÁGINA
5. Historial en kWh Tu consumo durante los últimos 12 meses. 6. Notificaciones Información adicional relevante de carácter legislativo. 7. Información sobre su electricidad Aquí verás de dónde procede la electricidad que consumes, así como su impacto medioambiental. Por último, si quieres más información, desde la oficina virtual de Aura Energía puedes consultar tu histórico al detalle o visualizar gráficos de tu consumo. Si todavía no eres cliente de Aura calcula el precio que tendrías con nosotros desde nuestro simulador. ¿Tienes dudas? Contacta con nosotros, estaremos encantados de atenderte. ]]>
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